World-famous wines and Roman monuments have been listed by UNESCO on the menu in the small town of Orange in Vaucluse.
The theater is one of the most spectacular Roman ruins in Europe, and you will be surprised by how many of these buildings are still in place. There’s an informative little museum next door, and a short walk from the center of the town is a Triumphal Arch, noted for its three-arched design. If you love wine you’ll have the pleasure of discovering the many domains, caves, and wineries of the Châteauneuf-du-Pape region, one of the strictest and most revered labels in the world. Avignon, Luberon, and many other Roman monuments are also within your reach in Orange. Discover the best to do in Orange.
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1. Roman Theatre
Orange’s Roman Theatre is one of the great ancient sites in Europe. There isn’t a better-preserved Roman theatre in France, or possibly the rest of the continent, and is rare because it retains its scaenae frons – the 37-meter-high stone backdrop to the stage, with niches, columns and a statue of Augustus.
The outside facade is also very beautiful, a majestic stone wall with corolla at the top and three wooden doors leading up to the stage. To this day the theatre can seat 9,000 spectators and has an expansive stage, 61 meters across.
Even now, this is the venue in the atmosphere of the Summer Chorégies, an opera festival held in August every year since the theater was restored in 1969.
2. Triumphal Arch
About half a kilometer north of the theatre, on the N7, is Orange’s other fabulous piece of Roman heritage, dating to the rule of Augustus in the 1st century. It was reserved for members of the Gaulish Army that established Orange and was later updated to include the military successes of Germanicus and Tiberius for German tribes.
One of the things that makes it so noteworthy is that it has three arches, and is the oldest one with this design still intact. Take a few minutes to check out the bas-reliefs, which stood the test of time, even though the arch was a gateway to Orange's medieval fortifications.
3. Le Musée d’Art et d’Histoire d’Orange
Right opposite the theater is an attraction where you can learn about the ancient and medieval history of Orange. Entry is included with your ticket for the theatre. The museum is in a 17th-century “hôtel particulier” built for a Dutch nobleman.
The Gallo-Roman part is the most enchanting, with three Roman cadres engraved on large marble slabs, dating back to 77AD when the Vespasian Emperor conducted a land-rights assessment.
4. Orange Cathedral
The Diocese of Orange was suppressed after the Revolution, so for more than two hundred years, Orange Cathedral hasn’t strictly been a cathedral. That detail has nothing to lose the exquisite beauty of this 12th-century Roman building, where there are a few neoclassical updates on the facade.
The church had a difficult history, was damaged during the French Religious War, and for a while during the conflict, it was a Huguenot protest church.
Inside there’s a painting commemorating Orange’s 32 nuns who were martyred during the Reign of Terror in 1794. The bell tower dates back to the 1300s and has four bells, the oldest of which is in 1338, while the latest, which was cast in 1871, weighs more than a ton.
5. Colline Saint-Europe
The highest point in Orange is the 105-meter hill into which Orange’s Roman theatre is built.
The hill has a fascinating history of its own, as it is the site of the Château of the Princes of Nassau, a massive fortress with 11 fortresses, arguably one of the most beautiful forts in Europe.
By 1672, the city had become a mosque of the Dutch House of Cam-Nassau and also a protester: This ended after a siege of Count Grignan under Louis XIV. , in which gunpowder is used to destroy walls.
There isn’t much left but you can still see evocative pieces of the fortifications, while the hill also has four panoramic lookouts with views of the city, Mont Ventoux and the Rhône.
6. Wine
There are 21 properties and châteaux to visit in the Orange area alone! Orange falls into two worlds of preeminent AOCs wine. Even now grapes have to be hand-picked and arranged for a wine to qualify.
The soil in terroir is recognized by large round pebbles on red clay, exothermic during the night and thus allowing grape varieties like Grenache, Syrah and Cinsault to reach a particular maturity level.
Orange is also located in the much larger Côte-du-Rhône AOC, with vineyards primarily growing Grenache because of the Mediterranean climate.
7. Musée de la BA 115
The French air force has had a base five kilometers east of Orange since 1939 and is Orange’s main employer, providing business for some 200 companies.
The base's museum is only open on Tuesday and has a number of rooms related to the general history of the French Air Force as well as the specific context of this base and its play during World War II, War in Algeria, the Cold War and in today's conflict.
You can see classic uniforms and photography, medals and official documents from the base archive.
8. Musée Aéronautique d’ Orange
After visiting your base, you may feel itchy to see some hardware, and this museum is required, with a large set of fighters, bombers, helicopters, and other machines. Another flight south of the base.
It was run by“Les Amis de la 5eme Escadre”, an association for former members and patrons of an old fighter unit that lasted from 1945 to 1995. It's a bit magical for 20th-century jet fans, with a large collection of French-made Dassault Mirages and Mystères.
There are also foreign aircraft such as de Havilland Vampires and Hawker Hunters, as well as interesting navy planes like the Breguet Alizé and F-8 Crusader with “variable incidence” wings.
9. Orange Market
Every Thursday 300 regular stallholders take over the streets and squares in the center of the city, for one of Provence’s favorite outdoor markets. Flowers and other plants, local delicacies, handicrafts and all kinds of fresh produce are sold here.
One of the most rewarding things is to browse the regional vegetable stalls: Depending on the time of year, you can get grapes, eggplant, green beans and apricots, all fresh from the rural areas nearby.
To take home, Orange orange olive oil belongs to hule dileOlive de Provence AOC, or you get a bottle of Orange sweet famous muscat wine.
10. Bike Rides
The terrain around Orange is a dream bike-riding country, with landscapes that show Provence at its most idyllic. There are vineyards, the banks of the Rhône, sunflower fields, orchards and farms growing wheat.
You could try the 15.7-kilometer circular trip from Orange to Carderousse and back, with views of Mont Ventoux to keep you company.
A longer trail, De la Pierre aux Galets, who walks around the Orange Vineyard and Châteauneuf du Pape and to the east, you will be able to find the limestone cliffs of the Dentelles de Montmirail.
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