Until 1678 when France was annexed, Maubeuge was sacked and sacked an astonishing 20 times.
So, once the town was under French control, Maubeuge became a fortified border town with walls designed by Vauban, who was decorated by military engineer Louis XIV. Most of the walls, ditches, water channels, and fortresses are still here, and they all add a lot of features to the Maubeuge. The old model of destruction was transferred to World War II when Maubeuge was burdened by the German invasion. A lot of history was wiped out in 1940, but the town rebounded with a utopian modernist townscape by André Lurçat. Discover the best to do in Maubeuge.
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1. Remparts de Vauban
In 1678 after the Treaty of Nijmegen Maubeuge fell into the hands of France, placing it on the front line between France and the Habsburg Empire. In a few months, the construction of a castle around Maubeuge had been completed, and the man with the plan was Vauban, an oversized military engineer.
Even after the German bombardment in 1940, two-thirds of Maubeuge's outer wall. The remainder was torn down voluntarily after the war to allow the town to grow on the right bank of the Sambre.
Walls and fortresses are always low-profile designs and are now a large park, with walkways, grass ditches and formal stone curtains.
2. Porte de Mons
The grandest remnant of the fortifications is this gate at Place Vauban on the north side of the town. As with most of Vauban’s work the Porte de Mons has a lot of finesse considering it was designed for defense.
It’s a gateway with three portals under a pavilion with a pediment and mansard roof facing the town. Pointing away from the town, the building is a little less refined, with a guardroom (now home to a museum), hefty wooden doors and traces of the original drawbridge winch.
Porte de Mons should be the starting point for a Maubeuge visit when the tourist office is inside.
3. Musée du Corps de Garde
While investigating Vauban, a stronghold, you may need a little background, and that is provided by the museum in a guard room behind Porte de Mons. The building dates back to 1683 and is part of Vauban's original plan, which includes a security room, dormitory, and powder room.
This was an army property until 1914 and in the 70s it was chosen as an old gallery, filled with ancient weapons, uniforms and documents to give a clearer picture of the war. military life in Maubeuge. Best of all is the bas-relief, a 3D map of the town made in 1825.
4. Zoo de Maubeuge
One of the many interesting things about this zoo is how to adapt to the Vauban stronghold. These old embankments and walls create useful barriers and offer great vantage points to look down on the fences.
The zoo is relatively small, but well established, with 350 animals from 56 species. There is a white tiger, a Sri Lankan leopard, giraffe, elephant, zebra, hippopotamus, capybaras, kangaroos and more. Check the schedule to catch the foraging time of hippos, apes, elephants, and wolves.
5. Église Saint-Pierre-et-Saint-Paul
The Maubeuge Church wiped out during the Second World War, and the replacement since 1955 has become a permanent symbol of post-war reconstruction. It’s now recognized as a French historic monument, and one of the architects to work on the building was the modernist trailblazer André Lurçat.
There are many Lurçat personalities, in the church, because he was a communist who convinced that all religions were coming to an end. He decided to make the building neutral so that it could be converted into a theater in the future.
At the entrance, pause to check out the magnificent mosaic picture of André's brother, Jean Lurçat, who is also an influential artist.
6. Historic Religious Buildings
Despite the widespread destruction in Maubeauge in the Second World War a couple of religious buildings came through unscathed. On Rue de La Croix take a peek at 16th-century Béguinage des Cantuaines, which was home to a community of beguines, nuns who had not taken formal religious vows.
On Avenue du Lieutenant-Colonel-Martin is La Chapelle des Sœurs Noires, a small 17th-century chapel in the Baroque style, belonging to a convent that has since vanished. In its time the chapel has been a library, military depot, and protestant temple, and now part of the university.
7. La Ferme du Zoo
Fun and educational for smaller family members, La Ferme du Zoo is to the east of the town in the open countryside. Kids can make friends with tame farmyard breeds like Jersey cows, shaggy highland cows, donkeys, ponies, goats, Texel sheep, and rabbits.
There are large lawns for picnics and playgrounds where children can burn off some more energy. Adults will also be pleased with the space and tranquility of this place, aided by an orchard in the Avesnois orchard garden.
There is also a lovely kitchen garden with medicinal and aromatic plants and an apricot tree.
8. Zone des Etangs
In the southeast of the town, there is a peaceful green space over the area of canals dug by Vauban next to Sambre. These are ensconced in woodland, and the blend of greenery, soothing water and fragments of old fortifications makes for agreeable walks.
It is hard to imagine now, but this used to be a sophisticated defensive system, using water and dams to protect the Maubeuge's southeastern approach. Later, in the 1800s it was adapted as a canal, binding the coalfields in Belgium to steel plants in the Nord region.
All of those things are long gone, replaced by dragonflies, irises, willow, alder, and onshore fishermen.
9. Cycling
Maubeuge tourist office has a fleet of 22 bikes and you can rent one for up to every three days. There are mountain bicycles to race on the forest paths, and city bikes to go along the countryside roads and explore sleepy villages like Feignies.
And before you depart, you will receive the map and flyer of the three laps disappearing in Avesnois Natural Area Park from Maubeuge. You’ll roll by trickling streams, watermills, deciduous forests, orchards, hedgerows and meadows bright with wildflowers in summer.
10. Avesnois Regional Natural Park
As a natural rule as you travel further from Samoust Valley and its former industrial communities, the countryside is quieter and more idyllic. There are thousands of kilometers of tributaries coursing down to the Sambre, and if you follow these back you’ll ramble through cool oak and beech forest.
Since heavy industry disappeared from the region in the 20th century the water and woodland are cleaner than it’s been for hundreds of years. Where the forest is cleared there’s a “bocage” landscape of meadows and cereal farms divided by rows of pollarded trees and hedges.
Another characteristic is the local bluestone, a dark compact type of limestone used in cottages and ancient chapel and oratories.
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